For the first time in nearly six months, Fannie Mae is imposing strict, new guidelines on American homeowners. 

This time, the hardest hit demographic is owners of 2-unit homes.

In its official announcement, Fannie Mae listed the following changes to its 2-unit financing programs, separated by occupancy type.

Primary Residence

1. Purchase: Maximum loan-to-value drops to 80%; FICO minimums reset to 640.
2. Rate-and-Term Refinance: Maximum loan-to-value drops to 80%; FICO minimums reset to 640.
3. Cash Out Refinance: Maximum loan-to-value drops to 75%; FICO minimums reset to 680.

Investment Property

1. Purchase: Maximum loan-to-value drops to 75%; FICO minimums reset to 660.
2. Rate-and-Term Refinance: Maximum loan-to-value drops to 75%; FICO minimums reset to 660.
3. Cash Out Refinance: Maximum loan-to-value drops to 70%; FICO minimums reset to 680.

With Fannie Mae’s new loan-to-value limits falling by as much as 15 percent, it’s a certainty that fewer 2-unit homeowners will be approved in the mortgage process.  This could slow both purchase and refinance activity in the coming months.

The good news, though, is that while Fannie Mae recommends that lenders institute the new policy immediately, September 1, 2009, is the “effective date”.

Therefore, if you plan to buy a 2-unit home, or if you own one and know you’ll need to refinance it soon, it may be a good idea to move up your timeframe. 

Lenders could implement the new guidelines at any time and usually do so without warning.

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Mortgage markets worsened for the third straight Tuesday after the government reported June’s Retail Sales report came in slightly better than expected.

Since falling to near 5.000 percent last week, 30-year fixed conforming mortgage rates have risen by almost 3/8.

It’s a similar mortgage rate pattern to what we’ve seen over the last 10 months — rates drift down to near their “all-time lows”, and then surge higher over just a few days time.

This week’s movement, in particular, is vexing home buyers and would-be refinancers. 

Many people thought mortgage rates would break below the 5.000 percent threshold.  The markets, however, had other ideas.

In addition to the unexpectedly strong Retail Sales data, last month’s Producer Price Index reported higher than expectations, too. 

A rising PPI is important to rate shoppers because the figure is akin to the Cost of Living measurement for household, but for American businesses instead.  The thought goes that if business costs are rising, consumer costs will eventually rise, too, as businesses share their expenses with American households.

This is inflationary, of course, and inflation is awful for mortgage rates.  It’s part of the reason why mortgage rates closed higher again Tuesday.

All year long, mortgage rates have been jumpy and unpredictable.  This past week has been no different and it’s why you shouldn’t necessarily try to time for a market bottom with mortgage rates. 

If an interest rate looks good to you today and the payment is manageable, consider locking it in.  There’s no guarantee rates will ever fall back toward 5.

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Don’t look now but oil prices are climbing.

This should worry today’s home buyers and would-be refinancers because some of the same forces that helped to push crude past $50 for the first time in 4 months also cause mortgage rates to rise.

March 18, the Federal Reserve committed an additional $1.15 trillion to support the economy. 

Since the announcement, investors have questioned whether the Fed is purposefully spurring inflation.  The Fed’s total debt purchases now total $1.75 trillion.

And to finance its purchases, the Federal Reserve is printing new money, devaluing the U.S. dollar along the way.  This then leads to inflation which, all things equal, causes oil prices to rise, gas prices to rise, and mortgage rates to go with them.

As we’ve seen the last few summers, oil prices and mortgages seem to touch their yearly high points while the weather is warmest.

(Image courtesy: The Wall Street Journal)

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With mortgage rates are hovering near all-time lows, lots of Americans are taking advantage of refinance and home buying opportunities. 

The downside of today’s unexpectedly-low rates, though, is that mortgage lenders are ill-equipped for the rush of new business. 

As a result, the process of underwriting and approving new mortgage applications is taking some conforming lenders as long as 2 months to complete. 

This is double the time needed as recently as six months ago.

Because there may be 60 days between the application date and the closing date, it’s important for applicants to remember that mortgage approvals can be revoked at any time prior to funding. 

As mortgage applicants, there are many events that are out of our control — job security and health matters, for example.  But there are also events that are within our control. 

Knowing that mortgage approvals can be fragile, here are 8 things you should absolutely not do while your home loan is in process.  It may be the difference between being approved by the bank, and being turned down.

1. Don’t buy a new car or trade-up to a bigger lease.
2. Don’t quit your job to change industries
3. Don’t switch from a salaried job to a heavily-commissioned job
4. Don’t transfer large sums of money between bank accounts
5. Don’t forget to pay your bills — even the ones in dispute
6. Don’t open new credit cards — even if you’re getting 20% off
7. Don’t accept a cash gift without filing the proper “gift” paperwork
8. Don’t make random, undocumented deposits into your bank account

Now, avoiding these items may not be practical for everyone.  For example, if your car lease is expiring and you need a larger vehicle, it doesn’t mean you can’t buy the car — just check with your loan officer first to be sure the new payments won’t “break” your approval. 

The same goes for accepting cash gifts from parents.  There’s a right way and a wrong way to accept gifts and doing it the wrong way may prevent you from using the gift as a source of downpayment.

Mortgage lending is full of “gotchas” and with underwriting times stretching to 60 days, it’s a lot more likely that a mortgage applicant will trip into one.  Following these 8 rules, though, is a good start.

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You know you’re in the middle of an economic crisis when an accounting issue become Front Page News, and that’s exactly where we’re at today.

Mark-to-market accounting is having its day in the sun and people in need of mortgage sometime soon would do well to pay attention. 

If you’ve never heard of mark-to-market accounting, don’t worry. Not many people have.  Mark-to-market is a method of valuing an asset based on its what-if-it-was-sold-today value.  Mark-to-market is officially known as FASB Statement 157.

Mark-to-market is one reason why bank balance sheets look so awful right now.  Banks have to assign firesale-like values to their mortgage-backed assets even if those loans are performing, and even if there’s no plans to sell them.  Assigning low values to assets, then, in turn, forces the banks to seek TARP funds and take other measures to solidify their mandated capital requirments. 

Wall Street and Washington are taking notice of mark-to-market’s impact on banking and, by extension, the economy.  Even Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke has expressed an interest in opening a dialogue about the matter.

So, today, starting at 10:00 AM ET, the House Committee on Financial Services meets with key members of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Treasury, and the Financial Accounting and Standards Board to talk about mark-to-market accounting and whether it should be modified.

It’s unlikely that change will come immediately, but if enough evidence shows that mark-to-market is unduly damaging to the economy, expect changes to the way we value banks to happen soon. 

For homeowners and home buyer, a reversal in mark-to-market rules would be a bad thing.  Almost overnight, bank balance sheets would recapitalize and the economy would spring forward.  This would reverse most of the pressures that have held mortgage rates low for so many months.

A healthy economy, in other words, may be bad for mortgage rates.

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The basis of most mortgage lending is credit scoring.  In general, the higher a person’s credit score, the lower his offered mortgage interest rate.

Despite the many credit scoring models in use today, however, just 3 are relevant to American homeowners:

1. The Equifax BEACON^® score
2. The Experian Fair Isaac Risk Model
3. The TransUnion EMPIRICA^®

Generically, these scoring models generate what are commonly known as “FICO” scores.

FICO scores are measurements of probability.  The higher a person’s credit score, by definition, the less likely a person is to default on his home loan.  This is one reason why credit scoring has added importance lately — mortgage lenders are very careful about what they’re lending and to whom.

Notably, minimum FICO thresholds have been added to all types of mortgage loans.

FICO scoring has 5 main components as listed above.  Payment history and credit capacity are two of the largest pieces, but a myriad of other factors contribute to a credit score, too.  For example, the longer your reported history of managing credit, the more favorably your credit score will respond.

The myFICO.com website does a terrific job with credit education, explaining in plain language the ins-and-out of credit scoring and ways to boost your score.  It also makes a free, 20-page PDF available for download. 

Whether you’re a homeowner or lifetime renter — consider it required reading.

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USA Today ran this 2008 Foreclosures By State heatmap last week, reminding us of a simple truth: Headline statistics can be misleading.

According to data compiled by RealtyTrac, 1 in 8 U.S. homes were in various stages of default or delinquency at the end of 2008.  This is a fact and it was widely reported by the press. 

However, as the heatmap plainly shows, in stripping out just 35 of the nation’s 3,232 counties, we can decrease the number of foreclosures nationally by half. 

In other words, yes, 1 in 8 U.S. homes face mortgage trouble.  In your neighborhood, though, the ratio is likely much, much lower.  Real estate is a local phenomenon.  National statistics rarely apply.

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Mortgage delinquencies are on the rise nationwide, but the news may not be as bad as it appears at first glance.

Using anonymous data from its national credit database, TransUnion reports that 4.58 percent of American homeowners were at least 60 days past due on mortgage payments last quarter.

Comparing the statistic to the data from a year ago, the credit reporting agency goes on to say that mortgage delinquencies are up 53 percent.

Although fair, the comparison carries a distinct, negative connotation because if we flip the data to its positive, the statistics don’t seem nearly as menacing.

Consider: In the last quarter of 2008, 4.58 percent of homeowners were delinquent on their respective mortgages.  The positive sign, therefore, is that 95.42 percent of homeowners were not delinquent on their home loans.

Furthermore, in looking at TransUnion’s data for the 5 largest states in the Union, it’s clear that the national delinquency rate is being skewed by California and Florida.  New York and Texas, for example, exhibit delinquency rates below the national 4.58 percent marker.

North Dakota’s delinquency rate hovers near 1 percent.

Headlines are designed to attract eyeballs and nothing else. To get the complete story, therefore — the real story — it never hurts to dig a little deeper into the facts.

(Image courtesy: TransUnion)

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As part of the stimulus package passed last week, Congress authorized a temporary increase to conforming loan limits in certain high-cost parts of the country.

“High cost” is defined by a regions’ median sales price.

With the temporary increase, a greater share of Americans can now qualify for Fannie Mae- and Freddie Mac-backed loans, usually the least expensive source for mortgage money.

Higher loan limits can be good for the housing market and the broader economy for two reasons:

1. Cheaper money can spur new home demand, supporting home values.
2. Higher loan limits render more homeowners refinance-eligible, freeing up cash for spending, saving, or investing.

The complete county-by-county loan limit list is available on the OFHEO website. 

Of the 3,232 U.S. counties, 10 percent are considered ”high-cost”.  Residents of these areas can expect the same low rates offered to the rest of the country, but with a slight premium.  Be sure to ask your loan officer about how it works.

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If you don’t have near perfect credit, it can be hard to refinance. Also if you have an unusual type of dwelling - say a cave - banks aren’t in the whimsical mood they were just a few short years ago.

These are the factors facing a St. Louis family who built their dream home in a cave. ABC news is reporting that despite have a 50% down payment on their home, the family is unable to find a lender to refi their cave before their $80K balloon payment is due.

It’s a case of thinking a little too far outside of the box. Personally, I’m rooting for them - well, I guess I’m rooting for all of us in this slow recovery period.

Many more photos here.